Analysis Of A Motivational Speech By Queen Elizabeth I -- essays resea

The human desires of greed, wealth, and power have been embedded into the worlds history as political figures have led onsets of other countries countless numbers of times. Whether invaded or being invaded, a country requires strong and capable leaders to see them through this difficult time. In 1588, Queen Elizabeth I of England gave a motivational speech to her military man using the rhetorical devices of diction, mental imagery, and sentence structure to motivate her subjects positively and to instill the fear of the pending invasion in their hearts. The queen uses positive diction, sentence structure, and imagery in her effort to motivate her people to defend their country from their Spanish invaders. She uses diction to praise and motivate her subjects. The queen refers to her people as "faithful" and "loving," praiseful their "loyalty" and "goodwill." These positive words allow her subjects to see her as a caring, kind leader whose praise urges them to fight for their country. She also uses the words "noble" and "worthy" to secern her peoples task of protecting their country against invasion. The use of such praising words makes her people see the task as important, and it will instill a esthesis of duty in their hearts to protect their kingdom. The queen further motivates her people by implementing the use of sentence structure. In the beginning of her speech, she says, "we have been persuaded." In the hour half of her first sentence, she says, "I assure you I do not desire to live to distrust my faithful and loving people." Her use of the royal "we" and then her transition to "I" symbolizes her descent from the throne literally to speak to her array on the field and figuratively by referring to herself as I. This will encourage the troops to see her as a fellow Englishman and not a distant queen. The queen also uses sentence structure when she says, "I myself will be your general, judge, and rewarder," and, "By your obedience.., by your concord.., and your valor.., we shall shortly have a famous victory." She speaks listing three things at a time, giving her speech rhythm. The mention of her three positions shows her as noble and powerful, causing her troops to respect and admire her. The listing of the three characteristics of her... ...age of the queen actually picking up a weapon and marching into battle with her troops. The grandness of this image is that it encourages the troops to pledge their loyalty to their queen who seems willing to fight alongside them. The queen also scorns those who "dare to invade the boarders of my the queens realm." This creates an image of the pending invasion in the minds of her people. With a vivid portrait of the upcoming battles, her subjects realize that they must be brave and loyal in order to defend their country. Perhaps the almost vivid image is that of the "heat of b attle." A fire-swept battlefield comes into mind, and the fear of such a battle will motivate the queens subjects to protect themselves from such future battles. Clearly, the queen, using the rhetorical devices of diction, imagery, and sentence structure, was able to motivate her subjects positively and to instill the fear of the pending invasion in their hearts. Her concise but powerful speech was simply what her troops needed to hear before marching to battle. The queen with her speech secured their loyalty and trust, and her oratory helped unify her people in their time of crisis.

Behavioral Differences in Humans Essay -- Diversity Development Gender

Behavioral Differences in Hu globesHow do people extend? What makes us act the way we do? There are as many different answers as there are people. Each person is a unique makeup of individual characteristics which blend together to form the personality, the port of the person. We can identify certain broad characteristics of groups of people and apply them to individuals to get an idea of how they leave behave in a given situation. This is called stereotyping and, when taken similarly far, will give a distorted characterisation of what to expect of a persons demeanor. While you can never get a fully accurate picture of how roughlyone will behave based on their demographics and characteristics, you can make certain general guesses that will point you generally in the right pedagogy regarding their behavior. The most popular and fun characteristic to use to point to behavioral deflexions is probably gender. Numerous books have been written about the differences between men and women. certain(prenominal) broad characteristics are identified that point at the broad gap in perspective that each gender has in viewing the world. A man sees a inhabit and whitethorn see the functionality of it what is the rooms use, its purpose. Does the room meet the requirements for fulfilling that purpose? What improvements can be made to better use this room? What is the quality of construction of this room? A woman sees the room and sees the color. How does the room look? How does she feel in that room? She envisions her family in that room, her friends. These are broad differences and may not be wholly accurate in the individual case, but in the genders in general, this will prove to be fairly representative of the behavior of the two populations.I tend to agree with scientists who study the human brain to try to identify the differences between the genders. According to studies, there is a greater have-to doe with between the left and right hand sides of the brain in women than in men. The right hand side of the brain is broadly in charge of creative thinking and emotion the left hand side of the brain of calculation and reason. This gives women broader access to their creative and emotional aspects than men and makes them perceive the world differently. I believe this difference in perspective explains much of the difference between genders and can explain much of the differences in behavior. This is still a general ... ...f the world there is some religious tradition among all of them. The atheist believes that there is no god. Is this built on more evidence than the man who holds cows to be sacred? understructure it be scientifically proven that there is no god? One tenet of logic says that it is impossible to prove a negative. The atheist therefore is practicing a different form of religion. Ultimately, religion guides your behavior because it answers the question what happens when I die. If you feel that your actions in this life govern y our lot in your next reincarnation, you will behave accordingly. If you feel that when you die your body simply rots in the casket and nothing survives, this also guides your behavior. If you feel that if you kill infidels you will be rewarded with seventy virgins for your eternal afterlife, you will alter your behavior. If you feel that your actions here are monitored by a God who balances justice and rewards according to those actions either with eternal paradise or eternal the pits your behavior is governed by that belief. While some may represent themselves to be of one religion or another, their actions reveal their true beliefs about what happens to them when they die.

Caring :: essays research papers

Since I was a little girl, I have been giving fear to others. It started when I was nine years old. My grandmother, who was a heavy smoker, developed cancer and became very sick.. It got to the point where she received home hospice care because nothing more could be done for her in the hospitals. Hospice is a specialized type of medical care for people who have advanced or life-limiting illness. This care is provided by a squad of individuals who care for patients and families in their homes (1). It basically provides the patient with care in the comfort of their home. A hospital bed was set up in our home where she washed-out her last days. She was hooked up to an I.V. where she would receive daily doses of morphine, a strong drug ment to ease the pain of the terminally ill. I would check on her frequently, and until now learned how to program the machine that released her morphine.Soon after my grandmother died, my mom started getting sick. When she was born, she was born with a heart condition. Her heart had a hole in it and it was positioned wrong in her chest. In fact, it was said by doctors that because of her abnormal heart condition, she wouldnt live past the age of six. She was also partially blind in her left eye, which restricted her from driving. As she got older and older, her heart grew weaker and weaker. At the age of 35 years old, she had a cardiac pacemaker surgically implanted in her chest. A pacemaker is a battery-powered case that assists the heart in beating. An incision is made and a pocket is formed in the area overlying the go across on the outside of the chest wall.Most are placed to prevent the heart from going to slow. This happens because there is no cell in the heart that lead beat fast enough to maintain proper function or because the electrical pathway, which allows impulses to spread to the necessary parts of the heart muscle is damaged.(2).Eventually, even the pacemaker didnt help. Her heart couldnt handle the aging proc ess, and it became more and more difficult for her to do simple, everyday activities. Even walking became a chore. I would do my part by helping out at home with the daily chores and push her around in her wheelchair whenever we went places.

Free Essay - Roller Coaster of Emotions in Kate Chopins Story of an Hour :: Story Hour essays

A Roller Coaster of Emotions in A Story of An Hour In the short story A Story of An Hour by Kate Chopin, the whole rangeof emotions are felt by the main charter Louise Mallard. Upon learning of herhusbands death she is immediately overcome by sadness. However, once she isal cardinal she allows herself to experience her feelings of joy at the prospect ofbeing free from repression. She is no more able to rung off the feeling thatwas approaching her than trying to stop the waves from hitting the shore.Basically stated we are powerless over our feelings. First, one can state that no matter how hard we try we can not keep afeeling from coming over us. Louises feelings come from deep within her soul.Physical debilitation followed her first storm of grief. At first she did notknow what was coming to her. She could not even give it a name. When shestarted to recognize it, she was trying to beat it backward with sheer will power.Only to find that will power is no match for the total encom passing of feelings.Once she had abandoned herself the word free had flee from her lips. Shedid not deliberately want it but it had come anyway. Unmistakably, a joy overtook her. Not that she would not be sad again, but for now she was same(p) a birdlet out of the cage. Mrs. Mallard was a good example of Shakespeares line To Thine own selfbe true. She did not allow depravity to rear its ugly head but instead just felther feelings. She allowed no one to witness her self assertion. But, it wasthe strongest impulse of her being. As she was projecting discharge and summer days to come, a feeling that herlife would be her own again gave her a contentment that she had not felt in a commodious time. No one actually knew what Mrs. Mallard had experienced behind herclosed door. Although, the human heart was meant to deal with that much pain,joy and disappointment in one day never mind one hour. To her sister(Josephine) it would appear that she died of joy when she saw her spouse was notd ead. The truth was buried with Louise. Tragically, what seemed to be great

Eureka! :: Australian History Essays

EurekaNearly four decades after the events at Eureka Stockade, Henry Lawson marked the death of the battles leader, quill Lalor, with an anti-establishment piece of verse, Eureka. In this and other poems such as his first, The Republic, The Fight of Eureka Stockade and Freedom of the Wallaby, Lawson may well have been seek to light the fire of Australian patriotism and a move to independence with our own flag, The Southern Cross. To many, the Eureka rebellion of the 3rd of December 1854 is a defining moment in Australian history. It is not surprising that the legendary Australian poet, Henry Lawson (1867-1922), wrote about an event of such national trauma - as many others have in the years since - to a greater extent than 100 works according to one source (Austlit website). He wrote Eureka (Lee 25) in 1889, to mark Eureka hero Peter Lalors death, and also penned The Fight of Eureka Stockade (Cronin 115) the avocation year. Both could be described as anti-establishment, as were man y others of his poems such as the first published verse, The Republican (Cronin 39), and Freedom on the Wallaby (Cronin 146) about the Barcaldine (Qld) shearers strike. As we shall see below, Lawson was trying to light the fire of Australian nationalism and a move to independence with our own flag, The Southern Cross. At the Victorian mining site of Eureka, Lalor led miners in battle against government troops over the cost of licences and other issues. Thirty-four miners and six troops died at Eureka Stockade, in what is seen by some as a battle for the concept of fair play and equal opportunity (Heritage website). Some get more passionate the National republicans describe it as a patriotic struggle bathed in Australian blood (alphalink website). The miners also carried a blue and white Southern Cross flag which has pose an important anti-establishment symbol. Lalor, who lost an arm, and the other survivors were acquitted. He went on to become a Member of the Legislative Council an d was its Speaker when he died in 1889.Henry Lawson was born 13 years after Eureka in 1867 in a tent on the Grenfell (NSW) goldfields, his father a former Norse sailor and his mother from a Kentish gypsy family, according to Wright (viii) in a foreword to a Lawson anthology. He goes on to say that at 21, Lawson was probably the most remarkable writer of verse in Australia (ix).

The Capricious Camera Essay -- Germany Nazis Phototgraphy Papers

The Capricious Camera In the years between 1933 and 1945, Germany was engulfed by the rise of a stringy new regime and the eventual spoils of war. During this period, Hitlers quest for racial purification turned Germany not only at odds with itself, but with the rest of the world. Photography as an art and as a business became a regulated and potent force in the fight for Aryan domination, Nazi influence, and anti-Semitism. Whether such images were used to raise Nazi ideology, document the Holocaust, or scare Germanys citizens into accepting their own changing country, the effect of this photography provides enormous insight into the true stories and lives of the people most modify by Hitlers racism. In fact, this photography has become so widespread in our understanding and teaching of the Holocaust that often other factors involved in the Nazis racial policy have been undervalued in our history textbooks-especially the attempt by Nazi Germany to establish the Nordic Aryans as a master race through the Lebensborn experiment, a breeding and adoption program designed to eliminate racial imperfections.This other side of the story, so to speak, is evident in Nazi photography, but is not considerably accessible or even immediately apparent to viewers. The photograph Mounted Nazi Troops on the Lookout for Likely Polish Children would not be so shocking or historically suggestive without the caption to describe its significance. Who is this young white girl surrounded by armed soldiers? Is she being protected, watched, persecuted? It would be easy enough to assume that she is Jewish, but unlike photos documenting the Holocaust, with this image the intent is uncertain. In our general ignorance of the events skirt th... ...saw the image as artistic, subsequent events compel us to try and see the image of the Polish girl with Nazis as journalism. In this endeavor, we must uncover as much as possible about the surrounding context. As much as we can, we need to know this girls particular story. Without a name, date, place, or relevant data, this girl would fall even further backwards into the chapters of alive history.Works CitedMounted Nazi Troops on the Lookout for Likely Polish Children. Clay and Leapman.Clay, Catrine and Michael Leapman. Master Race The Lebensborn Experiment in Nazi Germany. capital of the United Kingdom Hodder and Stoughton, 1995.Milton, Sybil. The Camera as Weapon Documentary Photography and the Holocaust. Multimedia Learning Center Museum of Tolerance. The Simon Wiesenthal Center. 1999<http// motlc.wiesenthal.com/resources/books/ annual1/chap03.html.

The Capricious Camera Essay -- Germany Nazis Phototgraphy Papers

The Capricious Camera In the years between 1933 and 1945, Germany was engulfed by the rise of a powerful new regime and the ultimate spoils of war. During this period, Hitlers quest for racial purification turned Germany not only at odds with itself, but with the rest of the world. Photography as an art and as a business became a regulated and potent force in the fight for Aryan domination, Nazi influence, and anti-Semitism. Whether such word-paintings were used to promote Nazi ideology, document the Holocaust, or scare Germanys citizens into accepting their own changing country, the effect of this picture taking provides enormous insight into the true stories and lives of the people most affected by Hitlers racism. In fact, this photography has become so widespread in our understanding and teaching of the Holocaust that often other factors involved in the Nazis racial policy have been undervalued in our history textbooks-especially the attempt by Nazi Germany to establish t he Nordic Aryans as a master race through the Lebensborn experiment, a breeding and adoption syllabus designed to eliminate racial imperfections.This other side of the story, so to speak, is evident in Nazi photography, but is not easily accessible or pull down immediately apparent to viewers. The photograph Mounted Nazi Troops on the Lookout for Likely Polish Children would not be so shocking or historically suggestive without the caption to describe its significance. Who is this young white girl surrounded by armed soldiers? Is she being protected, watched, persecuted? It would be easy enough to outwear that she is Jewish, but unlike photos documenting the Holocaust, with this image the intent is uncertain. In our general ignorance of the events surrounding th... ...saw the image as artistic, subsequent events compel us to try and see the image of the Polish girl with Nazis as journalism. In this endeavor, we must uncover as much as possible about the surrounding context. As m uch as we can, we need to know this girls particular story. Without a name, date, place, or relevant data, this girl would fall even further backwards into the chapters of unrecorded history.Works CitedMounted Nazi Troops on the Lookout for Likely Polish Children. Clay and Leapman.Clay, Catrine and Michael Leapman. Master Race The Lebensborn Experiment in Nazi Germany. London Hodder and Stoughton, 1995.Milton, Sybil. The Camera as appliance Documentary Photography and the Holocaust. Multimedia Learning Center Museum of Tolerance. The Simon Wiesenthal Center. 1999<http// motlc.wiesenthal.com/resources/books/ annual1/chap03.html.

Pillars of Education Essay

1. Learning to Know Learning to Know is ace of the four keystones of education. Pillar of education actually means the one that supports education. The depression one that supports education is chance oning to know, which is a bit natural to answer the question Why do we need to learn? , so the most possible answer would be to be able for us to know things. While this is true, before understanding from what we learn, we harbor to pose starting line the skills that are needed to understand these things. So the first pillar focuses on the well-known side of education which is the developing of intellectual skills in particular.These skills include the concentration, retentivity and the ability of a person to think. Children should get down these skills because it will be their starting point or their foundation to learn more complex issues that our world is cladding today. Learning is a lifelong process, so the more we learn things, the more we will understand the world aroun d us. 2. Learning to Do The second pillar of education is the learning to do. This implies that we are not hardly learning to know (to develop intellectual skills), but we are also learning to do things out of the skills that we have developed.We do not isolate these skills on ourselves but we try to be more effective and productive by applying the se skills to develop personal competence, qualities, aptitudes and attitudes. Knowledge and skills will be put into waste if we do not utilize or apply it into real-life situations. The second pillar focuses on the military strength and productiveness of a person by developing and applying the skills/knowledge not only to manage ones life but also to have the ability to be cooperative to the other members of the fiat and also, for the society itself.This pillar of education teaches us to adapt to the societys demands. So the more skills we have developed, the more opportunities are accessible/ available for us to apply these skills whe ther in work or in life. 3. Learning to Be This pillar supports education in developing the total development of an mortal. When we say total development, it does not only include the intellectual aspect but also its physical, emotional, social, moral and spiritual which an individual is made up of.It focuses on the individual himself and his personality what are his attitudes, how does he behave, his beliefs, his interests and so on. So we do not only learn to know or develop skills nor utilize these skill/knowledge but we also learn to be a better individual not just for our family but for the society as well. Children should be taught the traits and values that we want them to develop like being responsible, honest, appreciateful and other traits that are considered good to develop their personality because knowing oneself first is the key to know others. 4.Learning to Live Together Learning to live together is the last pillar of education and is considered as the most essentia l one. It is not only about knowledge, the application of skills or about the personality but it is the help of these three pillars that we would be able to live harmoniously. This pillar does not only refer to mere interaction and communication made by the members of the society because even if we have this communication, t present are still inevitable conflicts that could occur. Knowledge here refers to have information about each others history and culture.We have to know and respect their beliefs, traditions and values which in turn they will respect ours. In this way, it can create a strong bond to understand each others differences. Learning to Live Together refers on how to counter conflicts in the society. We are also taught to live together with people who have different personality, different beliefs, and traditions and culture because we are not the only person in this world we have to participate and cooperate to have peace and a just society.

How do composers use distinctively visual techniques Essay

How do composers drill distinctively visual techniques to ferment our interpretations of the world? Composers use distinctively visual techniques to shape the audiences interpretations of the world. John Mistos play The Shoe-horn Sonata and the RTA advertisement Notes uses distinctively visual techniques such as intercourse, photographic images, and music to effectively shape the audiences interpretations of the world. Firstly Misto uses colloquy as a distinctively visual technique in his play The Shoe Horn Sonata to shape the audiences interpretations of the world. Misto uses juxtaposition as the dialogue consists of both private and public conversations which create powerful links between the two characters. The first scene shows Bridie re-enacting the kowtow, a tribute to the emperor of Japan. This kowtow was through when a Japanese guard would cry out Keirei. Stage directions allow the readers to visualise exactly how the composer wants it to be performed. The audience is abl e relate in almost way and feels engaged with Bridie at this point.Misto and then uses photographic images, projected on a screen behind Bridie to support the dialogue. These images consist of several 1940 posters for the womens army, as head as photographs of the Australian army nurses disembarking in Singapore. Not even halfway through scene 1 the use of dialogue and photographic images have raised a concern to the audience of the pain and suffering that many women endured at the hands of the Japanese, yet their stories were not widely known. This has shaped their interpretations of war vastly, as in that respect is much more horror, truth and death involved then just men on the front line. In the RTA advertisement Notes the use of no dialogue is so the importance of photographic images is essential for conveying the point of view of the advertisement, which is slow down. The photographic images show the last message left by each young person and the rush they are in.The imag es are shown in a slow motion effect which gives the audience time think of the situations and then evokes an senseal response. The images show the surroundings of where how the message was left, this shows that these people come from all different family backgrounds and have a relationship with members of their family. Therefore we realize that these rushing deaths basin happen to anyone, regardless of who you are. This shapes the viewers interpretation of the world showing that rushing is not worth the consequences of speeding and therefore reinforces the importance of slowingdown. in the end in Shoe Horn Sonata Misto uses music from the period to go with images projected. The use of music adds emotion to the play and It places the audience in the historical context and in some parts it suggests the irony of the situations the women went through.An example is when Bridie criticises the British, the song Rule Britannia is played. This song is very patriotic and helps us understa nd the irony of the situation. The use of music creates emotion within the audience helps shape their interpretation of war, as there is much more horror, truth and death involved then just men on the front line. In the RTA advertisement Notes the slow solemn music is used to arouse emotion within the audience. This shapes the audiences interpretations of the world because the slow musical beat really relaxes the audience therefore causing them to slow down and think about the consequences of speeding and the importance of not rushing. John Mistos play The Shoe-horn Sonata and the RTA advertisement Notes uses distinctively visual techniques to effectively shape the audiences interpretations of the world. This is done brilliantly by an impressive use of dialogue, photographic images, and music.

Financial problem in a country or organization of your choice Essay

Discuss the causes of a financial business in a boorish or organization of your choice and suggest some solutions. Specify the problem and the City/Country and relate to a particular study. Zimbabwe is an agricultural based economy previously known as the bread-basket of Southern Africa. In the past decade, the country experienced a drastic economic disintegration due to wide range of factors including unconstitutional land redistribution, health, decline in foreign investment funds and hyperinflation. The Zimbabwean economy is strongly intertwined with politics therefrom the political instability subsequently offset the economy. In 2000, the governance embarked on the land reform programme which upstage white commercial-grade farmers from ar fit lands so that it could be redistributed among black farmers. The experienced farmers were replaced by mostly black subsistence ones, with no farming knowledge, equipment and capital and therefore could non produce at a commercial scale .There was no agricultural export, meaning there was a loss of foreign currency macrocosm injected into the economy on a regular basis. This marked the beginning of economic downfall. Richardson (2004307). The failure of the agricultural sector which is the backbone of the economy led to the economic crisis. This meant that the governing body could not generate enough revenue to sustain its infrastructures such as the health sector. Health conditions are directly related to the poor economy. Sick workers were not able to work as much or as productively as healthy ones. Labour markets were less efficient and the market was not able to produce as much. Consequently, the economy produced far less per-worker than a similar healthy economy. This was evident in Zimbabwe by the low participation rate that at just over 35 %, as opposed to 51.08 % in the U.S. or 51.97 % in Japan. Richardson (2004289).Another contributing factor was that foreign investors also fled, due to insecurities and the government policies dictating that 51% ownership of their businesses should be locally owned. Foreign direct investment fell to zero by 2001, and theWorld Banks risk pension on investment in Zimbabwe shot up from 4 % to 20 % that year as well. Hill (2003 109). Furthermore, the Zimbabwean economy was brought down by the illicit sanctions (an order that is given to force a country to obey international laws by limiting or stopping trade with it. Merriam-Webster dictionary 2012198) imposed by the American and European superpowers. This meant that no trade was to be done with Zimbabwe. There was a sudden death of foreign currency and investment influx to the country.The U.S. and Britain fork up partially withheld financial support for Zimbabwe and there would be no access to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) because they could not pay their debt and the prevailing hyperinflationary conditions. Hill (2003 102). The causes of Zimbabwes financial problem can be mitigated by firs t achieving a political breakthrough that will depoliticize the economy. Then, land should be re-redistributed among experienced commercial farmers and train the less experienced ones to ensure a more sustainable output. There must also be a liberalisation of foreign investment regulations to attract the foreign investors. In conclusion, these suggested solutions will help to rebuild the economy and restore Zimbabwe as the bread basket of Southern Africa.ReferencesRichardson, C,J. 2004. The Collapse of Zimbabwe in the fire up of the 20002003 Land Reforms. New York Edwin MellenHill, G. 2003. The Battle for Zimbabwe. Cape Town Zebra

History of the local film industry

Screen Production ( Homework )Discourse the history, study and development of local picture industry.Malayan characterisation industry can be accede that theres all sort mode of peoples and multiples nationalities. Our local scene industry st guileed off in the 1930s and its multiethnic every cow chip good as it anyways involve with other states. Through this, Malayan movie industry can travel on to galore(postnominal)-sided field in footings of the peoples, their cultural, traditional values and so on. In 1933, Malaysia movie industry started off with the first film which is Leila Majnun. Most of them who is involved in this bash hold both(prenominal) basic apprehension of moving, executing and stagecraft as they were one time involved in Bangsawan which is called Malay Opera or possibly some traditional art signifiers. And this film Leila Majnun was really directed by B.S Rajhans. Through the success of the cinematic experience, there are this dickens brothers from Shang hai, which is too local endowments as good, named cater Run and Runme Shaw. They started off the journey of production of Malay movie from the movie production studio that they set up in 1938 at Ampas Road in Singapore. But, nevertheless 6 films they managed to bring ahead before the Nipponese invasion in 1941. Those 6 films included Mutiara ( Pearl ) , Bermadu ( Polygamy ) , Topeng Shaitan ( Mask of the Devil ) , Hanchur Hati ( Heart confused ) , Ibu tiri ( Stepmother ) , and Tiga Kekasih ( Three Lovers ) .Start from 1941 to 1945, when its under Nipponese colonial regulation, the Nipponese brought a new sort of movie production to the imputable south East Asiatic market. Many of the movie industry forces ended up accept to work for one of the Nipponese movie company which is Eiga Haikya Sha. Eiga Haikya Sha is the 1 which took over and controlled the distri unlession of South East Asiatic market. Merely the movie that get through Eiga can be show out, the movies that can be shown are fundamentally out-of-date Indian movies and Nipponese propaganda movies and war movies are non allowed. Some of the movies that were allowed to shown included Singapore Sokogeki, Marat Na Tora ( March to Singapore ) , Shina No Yoru ( A dark in China ) , and besides Tokyo Symphony.And so this is the clip the development and development of local movie industry. After the World War 2 in 1945, the Shaw brothers did non give up, they continue their movie production in 1947 and come out their first movie which directed by B.S Rajhans was Singapura Di-Waktu Malam ( Singapore by Night ) . P.Ramlee who is one of the fable of Malay movie universe in 1948 had debuted in a movie named Cinta which mean Love. As P.Ramlee was good in vocalizing and besides composing music, he brought up the kind to making films. P.Ramlee work together with many others Indian movie manager that who came into the state to assist advancement and spread out the movie industry. There was many emigrant were replaced by local managers by 1960s. another(prenominal) movie production started to turn to a greater extent and much(prenominal), these included Nusantara Films which was owned by Hsu Chiao Meng who was a camera instrument from Shanghai, Rimau Film Productions, Keris Production and besides Maria Menado Productions. Rimau Film Productions was opened by Ho Ah Loke in Tampines Road, Singapore. Then he changed the productions name to Keris Film Production afterward one movie was get under ones skind. After merged with Cathay Organization in 1956, the name Keris Film Production was once more changed to Cathy-Keris Film Productions. In the earlier old ages, movies were all black and white and the studios will hold their ain equipment and installations that needed to enter and redact sound.Although there were many productions that came up, but there were besides many of them that closed down due to the spread outing production costs and the deficiency of audiences. During 1961, H.M . Shah had bought a land in Kuala Lumpur and came up with Merdeka Studio. The Shaw Brothers helped out with the development by dispatched some movie managers from Singapore. Merdeka Studio has now converted to the central offices of National Film Development Corporation, Malaysia or you can name it FINAS.The movie industries ripening more with exponential growing in Sabahan film in the twelvemonth of 1975. Major development return placed by the eightiess. The advancement of FINAS involve a alteration and besides brought up betterment like gaves those immature film-makers the opportunity to prove their work, colorss to be used in movie, and so on. There were more than 300 movie production were made and registered under FINAS due to all these new inducements.FINAS manus in manus with Skim Wajib Tayang on 24ThursdayMay 2012 to let two local movies to be shown in the film. These yearss there are non merely Malay movies are produced but besides Mandarin and Tamil movies every bit good. What is the inconsistency between films in the aboriginal yearss than the latest 1s in 21stcentury?First of wholly, the chief difference between films in the early yearss than the latest 1s in 21stcentury will be the cost of the movie. In the early yearss, there doesnt truly cost much in this movie industry. Since some were in the signifier of wayang kulit ( Malay after part drama ) , they didnt have engineerings to redact films, and those yearss the effects were non necessary and the films were in black and white. For illustration Malay shadow drama, this applied a white screen door with images traveling about which manipulated manually. While the sound will come from the voice of the operator of the marionettes with a set playing the music. And even the talents wage were fixed. In the 21stcentury, its so much different. Technology plays a large function for the devising of a films from the first twenty-four hours till the last twenty-four hours of hiting and redacting. And we can entrance as the highest place you are in the movie industry the higher your wage will be. Nowadays even people watch films for amusement intents but they will still care about the effects that the films used.Besides that, the films in the early yearss do non hold any station production effects such(prenominal) as 3D or even CGI which means computer-generated imagination. In the early yearss those films are more into vocals and looks. For illustration, Malay shadow drama was one up on movie in term of the sound. So the music will be played by the instrumentalist during the soundless film showings. But in 21stcentury, the films that produce will hold different ocular effects, different sorts of artworks and besides nice background music every bit good. As we know in the early yearss, the films were fundamentally in black and white. But now colours do play a large function every bit good because in the 21stcentury non must people will bask films which is merely black and white.Fol lowing will be the length of the films. Movies in the early yearss were really longer than the films we watched today. This is due in the early yearss their films were more on the vocals compare to the plot line, while in this yearss we really have a solid plot lines and it is more to indicate. Other than that, in this 21stcentury the content of the film are more diverse as compared to those films in the early yearss because in the early yearss they were chiefly focus more on development of states, war and even linguistic communication. While nowadays films there are so many different genre which is so interesting. In add-on, in 21stcentury, we need a batch of adult male power to assist out with the lighting, sound effects, and so on, so by this it will hold more occupation chances.Is our local movie industry promising and has potential to be every bit successful as Hollywood in going a film mill and mundane film distributer?Based on my sentiment, I think our local movie industry p romising and has potential to be every bit successful as Hollywood in going a film mill and planetary film distributer because in this 21stcentury, people have changed, they are non like people in the early yearss where largely are traditional minded. Alternatively the people in these yearss are really more unfastened minded, so that this do them more originative and have more interesting thoughts. By this grounds, our local movie industry can bring forth even more interesting and nice secret plan and executing in for the film.Besides that, of class our local movie industry still have to work hard on it to be every bit successful as Hollywood in going a film mill and planetary distributer as in the plot line, the manner they executed, the manner they shoot and so on as we know nil comes easy in this universe. I think that our local movie industry should come out more thoughts which is different and out of the box alternatively of those films that holding personal businesss, kampong narratives, and so on.Last but non least, to do a good film doesnt mean you need to hold a batch of particular effects alternatively some films they will still be interesting without it. For illustration, the Gallic film, Fargo, where they have besides won a few awards. I believe that our local movie industry can be successful every bit good since in Malaysia we do hold a batch of great endowments such as Michelle Yeoh, Erra Fazira, Aaron Aziz and many more.

Motherhood and the Behavioral Patterns

CHAPTER I THE PROBLEMS AND ITS SCOPE Introduction Our society instantly is foc using on a genuinely problem regarding betimes pay offhood. The primary cause of early gohood is antenuptial hinge upon. Sexual intercourse nowa daylights is very common and an undefend equal topic surrounded by lovers, friends, p arnts and their children especially in the third world countries such as the US and UK, and as well as in school. P atomic number 18nts argon the aces who would advise their children non to engage in premarital sex as much as possible that if ever its an open subject to them, they should advise their children non to forget their condoms or til now pee their Depovella injection.Our country, Philippines, is not considered a first-world country but since we be westernized, this topic has been open to us. Teenagers and schoolgirlish adults who ar not married are already piquant in premarital sex thus becoming young mothers. Premarital sex is not just the one invol ve here but also the different vices that women are industrious in. different vices such as drinking alcohol and taking drugs result also lead to early motherhood. Many factors are involved in becoming young mothers. These factors may push an adolescent or teenagers to engage in premarital sex and become great(predicate).Being pregnant at an early age has different essays. Its not just the mother that is at risk but also the baby inside the womb. And subsequently giving birth, women at early age unperturbed do not know the responsibilities of being a mother in order for the baby to know happily and healthy. Background of the Study Most women today are prosecute in pre-marital sex and few of them do not know much on how to protect them from getting pregnant. Its really good-for-naught that when young women are already pregnant, their primary option is to abort the baby inside them.I my opinion, you tusht correct a mistake by committing another mistake. Getting pregnant a t an early age is not the babys respite its the one making or engaging on pre-marital sex who are to be blamed. Abortion is not just a sin to us humans but most of all to God. Statistics show that a report by Save the Children found that, annually, 13 million children are born to women at a lower place age 20 worldwide. Worldwide, rates of teenage maternalism range from 143 per 1000 in some sub-Saharan African countries to 2. 9 per 1000 in southwestern Korea. Fertility rates in South Asia ange from 71 to 119 births per 1000 women aged 1519. 30% of all Indian induced abortions are performed on women who are under 20. In the Philippines, according to the 2002 Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study by the University of the Philippines Population Institute (UPPI) and the Demographic Research and Development Foundation, 26 percent of our Filipino youth nationwide from ages 15 to 25 admitted to having a premarital sex pose. Whats worse is that 38 percent of our youth are already i n a live-in arrangement. The 1998 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) reveal that 3. million of our teenagers got pregnant. In 92 percent of these teens, the pregnancy was unplanned, and the majority, 78 percent, did not still use contraceptives the first quantify they had sex. Many of the youth are clueless that even on a single intercourse, they could get pregnant. Being a mother at an early age is a very difficult part to handle because at this point most likely they are not yet finished in their studies and having not graduated from college is very difficult to find noble jobs to sustain a family or the babys films. even up if you have a partner, the father of the child is helping it still doesnt change the fact that the nether has the responsibility of taking care of the baby. In this topic, we shall reason the different impacts of being a mother at an early age in relation to their behavioral processes. We shall discuss how early motherhood affects their five (5 ) aspects physically, mentally, emotionally, spiritually and socially. We shall also discuss the factors that pushed teenagers and young adults to engage in pre-marital sex. A thorough study, research and interview will be outweare. Statement of the ProblemThe prime purpose the study is to know how the behavioral processes of women are touch by early motherhood. Null Hypothesis There is no significant relationship between women engaged in premarital sex and their experience as early mothers. There is no significant relationship between women engaged in different vices and their experience as early mothers. There is no significant relationship between women with family problems and their experience as early mothers. There is no significant relationship between different forms of media and women experiencing early motherhood.Significance of the Study To the young women This study will enable them to understand the importance of being a mother if they are still young. If they would really absorb the findings of this research paper, they will be more careful in handling themselves in relation to premarital sex. If they are mothers already, their knowledge around handling and understanding their babys needs will be broadened. To the Parents This study will enable them to be more alert and responsible in educating their children towards sex.Parents would learn something from the findings the importance of teaching their children the responsibility of being a mother to their baby. To the Government From this study, they will be encouraged to plan and organize programs for the benefit of the teenagers of today to be more careful in having an intimate relationship towards the glacial sex. They should also do something about the problems on widespread porno websites that even an octet category old kid who knows how to operate the computer can access. To the School Administration This study will enable them to be more practical and open in education of sex towards the students.Scope and Limitations of the Study This research focused on the behavioral processes and factors of women experiencing early motherhood. This study includes a number of fifteen (15) young women, their age ranging from 16 to 25 age old, residing near us and they are even our friends. Questionnaires were given for them to answer. Definition of Terms Mother a female resurrect especially, one of human race a woman who has given birth to a child. Motherhood the state of being a mother the qualities of a mother the kinship relationship between an offspring and the mother.Behavior manner of acting or conducting yourself the aggregate of the response or reactions or movements made by an beingness in any situation. Process the performance of some composite cognitive activity an operation that affects mental contents a series of actions, motions, or occurrences. behavioral Processes the manner of acting or conducting yourself towards a series of actions, motions, or occ urrences. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES Related Literature Buergo, Ramon H. Teenage maternalism. Healthbeat. The formal Publication of the DOH. Issue 53. March-June 2009.This article talks about the reasons and repercussions of being pregnant at an early age, that a lot of young people today have children of their own and the Philippines is not far from this situation. Globally, there are 1. 2 billion youth today. In the Philippines, the total population is 88. 7 million, of which, 27. 3 million (31%) belongs to the 15-24 year old population. By age 17, a total of 7% of young women have been pregnant by age 18, 11. 9% have been pregnant and by age 19, 23. 5% have been pregnant. Majority of these pregnancies are out of wedlock and teenage pregnancy is higher among young girls with premarital sex experience.Imagine how sad to know the percentage of these young women in the Philippines is in this situation. Many reasons are involved in this kind of situation. Th ese reasons are of women living away from home, smoking, drinking and using drugs. These risky behaviors may put many young women at risk of teenage pregnancy and thus become early mothers. Many young women got pregnant even for the first time women engaging in sex because they do not know about contraception and they do not know the deep period of their menstrual cycle. The consequences of what they are doing are still unknown by them.These consequences involve the risk for malnutrition, risk for inadequate prenatal care, and risk for fetal deaths, risk for abortion, and risk for acquiring cervical cancer. These could be avoided if there is proper education to the young ones of today. There should be the responsibility and obligations from the parents, government, and schools. Related Studies Mother is synonymous with responsibility(service), opportunity(special social station in the home), and accountability(day-to-day molding of childrens character and future). Being a mother i s having great love to your child whether you are young or not.According to genus Nestor Casugan Rillona, Th. D. , a loving mother is patient a loving mother does not push her children into doing things he way a loving mother is not relieved when her disagreeable child finally disobeys her directly and she can punish a loving mother bears much of the responsibility for her children and a loving mother never really dies. A research was made about a myth that a womens ability to think was impaired by pregnancy and mothering a new born this condition was referred to as baby brain and they have discredit it.An Australian National University team conducted a 20-year study on health and ageing analyzed the mental function of a group of women before and during pregnancy and in the early stages of motherhood. They didnt find any remnant between the women before and after pregnancy, or before and after motherhood, and there were no difference between the non-mothers and the mothers, and th e pregnant women. These women that they used as subjects were given stock and cognitive speed tests three times over eight years which tracks their mental health.The subjects were not told that they are into a pregnancy study when they signed up. The study had found some limited impact on cognitive speed in late pregnancy and the result showed that carrying a baby had no perm effects on a womans mental function. It was found out that baby brain is not inevitable and the perceptions of impairment may forge emotional or other unknown factors. The attitude of adolescents towards sex is a behavior motivation. The sex behavior of the young has become a problem, not still to themselves but more so to parents, school, people, religious leaders, civic associations, and the government.There is a current need to make our growing girls and boys understand sex and the role it plays in an individuals life as well as the breeding of wholesome and desirable sex behavior. Sex is a collective w ord signifying one of the two divisions of any organism, the male or female and which involves distinction between the two and the relationship of one to the other. Most people today realize the need for sex education, but there is a problem as to when, what and how of sex education. Sex education is not a matter of teaching but it is quite a a matter of training, which parents are the best qualified to give.CHAPTER III DATA PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS Profile Presentation Respondents Name Address Age at Pregnancy Age at Present Ritchie Ley Terez P-1, Lower Loboc, 20 yrs. previous(a) 21 yrs. old Oroquieta City Kristy Muriedas Pob. 1, Oroq. City 17 yrs. emeritus 21 yrs. venerable Princess Amyfe Aguilar Layawan, Oroq. City 16 yrs. mature 17 yrs. Old Elvie Eleanor Caliao Pob. 1, Oroq. City 24 yrs. Old 25 yrs. Old QlydFrances Morales Pob. 1, Oroq. City 19 yrs. old 22 yrs. Old Airah Sala P-1, Lower Loboc, 24 yrs. old 25 yrs. old Oroquieta City Rubelyn Batoy Pob. 1, Oro q. City 19 yrs. Old 24 yrs.Old Charity Omandam P-1, Lower Loboc 16 yrs. Old 17 yrs. Old Oroquieta City Arlyn Sepe Rizal St. , Oroq. City 23 yrs. Old 27 yrs. Old Lady Faith Ingcong Rizal St. , Oroq. City 18 yrs. Old 19 yrs. Old Janice Cotales Lopez Jaena, Mis. Occ. 19 yrs. Old 24 yrs. Old Charilyn Gemina Lopez Jaena, Mis. Occ. 18 yrs. Old 22 yrs. Old Reley Gumisong Bunga, Oroq. City 17 yrs. Old 18 yrs. Old Ma. Malyn Ortizo Bunga, Oroq. City 16 yrs. Old 18 yrs. Old Cielo Mae Gabule Pob. 2, Oroq. City 18 yrs. Old 20 yrs. Old Statistics Presentation January 8 May- 5 September 14February 11 June 21 October 10 March 1 July 15 November 3 April 6 August 5 December 12 drag inframe Interpretation of Data *anal retentive*ysis There are 15 respondents who answered yes which is equivalent to 100% which factor that being a mother at an early age you have to commit yourself and your time wholly o your baby. There are 12 respondents who answered yes which is equivalent to 80% and 3 res pondents who answered no which is equivalent to 20% meaning majority of the respondents education were affected by early pregnancy and most of them didnt finish their schooling.There are 4 respondents who answered yes which is equivalent to 27% and 11 respondents who answered no which is equivalent to 73% and it agent that majority of the respondents are God-fearing and considered the welfare and life of her baby. There are 3 respondents who answered yes which is equivalent to 20% and 12 respondents who answered no which is equivalent to 80% and it means that most of them didnt expect that theyll be a mother at an early age.There are 15 respondents who answered yes which is equivalent to 100% which means that all of the respondents changed a lot on their attitude towards patience to their baby and other things. There are 13 respondents who answered yes which is equivalent to 87% and 2 respondents who answered no which is equivalent to 13% and it means that most them considered moth erhood as an obligation that the welfare of their child lies on their hands.There are 8 respondents who answered yes which is equivalent to 53% and 7 respondents who answered no which is equivalent to 47% and in this question the respondents are divided in according to their emotions whether they are stable or not. There are 14 respondents who answered yes which is equivalent to 93% and 1 respondents who answered no which is equivalent to 7% and it means that almost all of the respondents social life is affected in the mind that they already have the responsibility to take care of.There are 5 women who answered yes and 10 answered no which means that some of women have regrets and some are happy for having child. There are 11 women who answered yes and 4 answered no which means that they have the confident that they have to raise their child with the full development of all 5 aspects. There 12 women who answered yes and 3 answered no which means that most of them want marriage. The re are 13 women who answered yes and 2 answered no which means that love is the reason that motivates them to engage in premarital sex and they dont have control that is why they got pregnant not at the proper age.There are 2 women who answered yes and 13 answered no which means that they have the feelings of hatred after giving birth maybe in what happened they cant accept. There are 2 women who answered yes and 13 answered no which means that some of their parents hurt them maybe the parents will not accept in what happened to their daughter for having a pregnant at early age. There are 8 women who answered yes and 7 answered no which means that their self-esteem lowered during pregnancy. Graph Presentation There are 100% who answered yes in question no. 1 in which there lifestyle change when they become mothers. pressureframe There are 80% who answered yes and 80% who answered no in which their education was affected by early motherhood. realiseframe There are 27% who answered yes and 73% who answered no in which the majority of the respondents are God-fearing and considered the welfare of the child. pictureframe There are 80% who answered yes and 20% who answered no in which the majority of the respondents are expecting or planning to be a mother soon. drawframe There are 100% who answered yes wherein the respondents have become more patient when they become mothers. drawframe There are 87% who answered yes and 13% who answered no in which the majority of the respondents considered motherhood as an obligation. drawframe There are 53% who answered yes and 47% who answered no in which the respondents are almost divided in half in the question of being emotionally stable or not. drawframe There are 93% who answered yes and 7% who answered no in which almost all of the respondents social life are affected when they become mothers. drawframe There are 33% who answered yes and 67% who answered no in which the majority of the respondents didnt have regrets in getting pregnant at an early age. drawframe There are 73% who answered yes and 27% who answered no in which the respondents are confident in developing the five aspects of their child. drawframe There are 80% who answered yes and 20% who answered no in which the majority of the respondents gave importance to marriage. drawframe There are 87% who answered yes and 13% who answered no in which the respondents are motivated by love when they had sex. drawframe There are 13% who answered yes and 87% who answered no in which the respondents didnt feel regret in having a child at an early age. drawframe There are 13% who answered yes and 87% who answered no in which some of the respondents were hurt physically and morally by their parents upon learning that they are pregnant. drawframe There are 53% who answered yes and 47% who answered no in which they are divided almost half towards the lowering of their self-esteem. drawframe CHAPTER IV RESEARCH DESIGN AND methodological analysis Resea rch Design This research apply narrative survey method to gather all fats and data concerning the behavioral processes of women experiencing early motherhood. The method utilized further to look into the profile in impairment of age, location, and behavioral patterns. Research SettingThis research was conducted in the house of the respondents in Lower Loboc, Pob. 1, and Lopez Jaena. Research Respondents The study utilized 15 women ages 16 to 25 years old. Research Instrument Utilized This research utilized questionnaires to gather all data and investigation concerning their behavioral process. Data Gathering Procedure We, the researchers asked the permission of the respondents. afterwards the permission, the researchers asked about their profile and there was the submission of profile to the adviser. Questionnaires have been given to the respondents for them to answer.The data gathered in this study were analyzed with the aid of the following questions. METHODOLOGY CHAPTER V SUMM ARY, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATIONS Summary The study deals with early motherhood and how it affects their behavioral patterns in terms emotional, physical, spiritual, mental and social aspects. Being a mother at an early age is not just a problem here in the Philippines but all over the world. It is a question of how you will be able to raise your child when you are not yet finish schooling, you dont have stable jobs to have an income to support the childs needs.You dont have the idea how to raise a child when in fact youre still a child inside. Motherhood means having the qualities of a mother and as for this statement a woman with a child should be loving, caring, responsible, patient, understanding, and merciful, etc. Having all these qualities of a mother should start from the first day of conception up to the day you die. Motherhood is lifetime commitment. It doesnt end when your child goes to school or have family of their own. We the researchers were able to gather data and wer eable to translate and analyze them with the best. CONCLUSIONAfter conducting the study entitled Early Motherhood, the researchershave come up into a conclusions that there is no significant relationship between engaging in different vices and women early mother not just because you dont have enough knowledge about it and aside from that the baby will burden the consequences and in effect, it leads to poor family upbringing. There is no significant relationship between women experiencing early motherhood and premarital sex. Because you are not at the properly age and at the right time. Engaging premarital sex is not allowed in the church especially in the catholic faith. RECOMMENDATIONSThe case of early motherhood is increasing year after year because of the widespread of all forms of media. The television, radio, newspapers and internets contains things not suitable for minors and these can be easily accessed, seen, heard, read by ages from 7 up who are able to read and write. Th ese widespread medals should be restricted by the governments, parents, and the schools. The education of sex and everything should start at home by the parents. Parents should teach their children as early as possible as long as they already understand. Sex education is not just about mating but introducing first reproductive organs.An example is that parents should say to their until child the correct name of their genital organs like this not a flower or a bridge but it is your vagina or penis and you have to take care of them until you grow up. When watching televisions, parents should guide their children of what they are watching. The government should widen the campaign for sex education among youve women. They should implement programs on making the youth understand the importance of education before entering motherhood. They should also do something about the internet sites that even a 1st grader can access.The school administration should include sex education in all curr iculums in high school or college. It should be well explained to the students the importance of finishing school and have stable job before having a baby. There should be counseling about having intimate relationships towards the opposite sex. As to the young women, they should have discipline in taking care of their honor and dignity. They should never engage in premarital sex if possible so to avoid pregnancy. If they cant avoid engaging in premarital sex, they should know the different kinds of contraception.BIBLIOGRAPHY Rilloma, Nestor C. Mandate of Motherhood. Health and Home, May-June 2003. Buergo, Ramon H. Reasons and Repercussions. Teenage Pregnancy. Healthbeat. Issue No. 53. The Official Publication of DOH, March-June 2009. Australian researchers put paid to baby brain myth. Psychology and Psychiatry. Psyorg. com. 5 Feb 2010. http//www. physorg. com/news184570915. html Singson, Rebecca B. Teen Pregnancies in the Philippines. Philippine Daily Inquirer. 14 June 2010. http//a rdictionary. com/Mother/7320 http//thefreedictionary. com/motherhood

Comic Relief

Kaylee King Per. 2 Comic Relief Shakespeares element of amusing sleep in his plays provides more than just mere pieces of entertainment for the groundlings it allows a break from the dense and sometimes evil continuity of the play. Comic scenes provide relief to the audition while building up the intensity from earlier scenes. Sometimes appearing out of place within the play, the scenes and characters are still significant roles in go the play. In Shakespeares Hamlet comic relief is supplied throughout the p spate through the character of Polonius.Polonius, a foolish old man with a lot to say, is able to produce the amount of relief necessary to his audience. With his long speeches and pleasing manner, Polonius sets a certain tone towards the entirety of the play. Time and time again he gives the old when I was your age speech and assumes the role of a parent to everyone, giving his unwanted and disregarded opinion. When a player about the death of Priam makes a deep and eloquent speech, Polonius interrupts by simply saying, This is too long. This being said was entirely ironic because of the long and seemingly pointless speeches that Polonius dishes out to anyone able to hear.Shakespeares use of Polonius as a comic character is significant towards the overall tone of the play. The depressing and death filled play needs a comic way to show its tragic nature through a sort of dark humor. Hamlets many remarks regarding death and old age towards Polonius is a prime example of this. Polonius being the foolish elderly man he is, provides an easy target for Hamlet so called humor. Jokes of murder and death, although humorous, provide an edge of wickedness to the tone of Hamlet.

Korean College Students Reading Strategies Essay

1. INTRODUCTIONKorean universities take a variety of assorted approaches to ensure college learners obtain a strong level of position proficiency during their education. This is why many university side of meat classes engross authentic literature scripted for native incline speakers. There ar a variety of substance ab apply resources journal articles, research reports, thesis, online catalogues, databases, and internet materials. The number of English professors and universities that prefer to go for authentic material is increasing. practice session authentic English text edition bear be a burden for EFL scholars. Kern (1994) mentioned that understanding texts written in a distant lyric poem is a signifi cigarettet ch on the wholeenge for almost students. To understand texts,a majority of readers non only translate a orthogonal verbiage into their mother tongue, hardly likewise use translation to grasp the whole importee of the essence, and content related to their forward friendship.When learners encounter authentictext, they tend to take the text for granted, not questioning the text or thinking about it in other ways. Many college students shoot previously been taught to read in invest to solve the question without understanding the deeper subject matter of the textand what influences the writer.In English education in Korea, information is regarded as decoding the meaning of a written text to get knowledge and information. Thus, it is natural that narration activities in English textbooks management on just getting information and grasping the content of the textbooks. That is why book of instructions from the checker, indication strategies, and the classroom English variation textbook play important roles in training the learner how to read critically and gaining a full comprehension of what they read.Many studies in endorse or foreign run-in cultivation contain investigated how endorsement or foreign rallying cry s readers deal with texts when go out in the target language (Block, 1996 Sheorey&Mokhtari, 2001). Mean period, the cognitive processes involved in construe comprehension in a due south or foreignlanguage are equivalent to those in the prime(prenominal) language (Cummins, 1994), though constructing meaning in the second language is more demanding. While second language (L2) readers may think cognitively in development, they world-widely face more difficulties in L2 denotation because of their lack of grammar knowledge, limited vocabulary, or contrary cultural backgrounds, all of which impede comprehension. Many researchers like Chesla (1998), Cunningham and Stavonich (1997), Eskey (2005), and Hudson (2007) are interested the cognitive ocessesinvolved in interpreting comprehension, and have conducted a lot of research on in force(p) cultivation lessons, indication materials, and students reading attitude.Ko (2005)found that students indigence to employ certain kinds of s trategies in order to agnize better their reading skills (1) They need to improve reading through encompassing reading (2) they need to find interesting content for motivation (3) they need to raise content knowledge in various areas (4) they are willing to improve their spoken skills (5) they want to improve their general writing skills and (6) they need to add-on their vocabulary knowledge. In this research, I will analyze whether Kos (2005) strategies and activities that teachers think are effective discount be applied to gain reading comprehension. course session strategies are referred to as the mental operations that are involved when readers approach a text efficaciously and make sense of what they read as well as what they do when they are lost while reading (Barnett, 1998 Block, 1986).As a part of parcel readers to better comprehend L2 texts, some techniques or skills associated with reading proficiency have been examined. Many researchers have been making experimen ts about reading strategies. Some of these reading strategies campaign from skimming, scanning, linguistic settingual guessing, activating abstractta, and identifying text structure, all of which are considered to be effective in enhancing comprehension (Block, 1986 Kern, 1994). Moreover, the valuate of Reading Strategies,known as SORS, introduced by Mokhtari and Sheorey (2002) will be commensurate for use in this research project. This SORS has trey major strategies global reading strategies, problem solving strategies, and support strategies.For the students reading strategies, Korean college students tend to use the support reading system when they read the global reading strategy is least preferred.However, research findings do not find a substantial gap among the trinity major strategies of SORS. This indicates that Korean students are not afraid of using different reading strategies, and do not limit themselves from receiving other perspectives. Teachers, who teach rea ding strategies, prefer one of the three main SORS strategies more. They use the global reading strategy most meanwhile, they areunlikely to use the support reading strategy in the classroom, or even to recommend it to students.In this study, the researcherfocuses on Korean college students attitudes and preferences for using reading strategies, and the native English teachers attitude towards inform reading, and the teachers preferences of reading strategies for teaching reading. Moreover, the researcher also investigates students reading difficulties and their expectations. The main research questions are as followsFor Korean college students1. Which reading strategies do Korean college students like to useand think effective in helping them to improve their reading comprehension skill? 2. What are the difficulties and problems that inhibit their effective reading comprehension? For native English teachers3. Which reading strategies do native English teachers like to teach and th ink are effective in helping students to improve their reading comprehension skill? 4. What are the difficulties and problems that inhibit you from teaching reading strategies effectively?2. literary productions REVIEWReading is an all-important language skill that is now in more demand than in any time in our history. With the exposure of the Internet in a global arena, students need to get the best reading in order to understand the vast knowledge the world embraces them with. It has been said that the literate vainglorious today is reading more in one week than their great-grandfather did in a whole family (Swalmand Kling, 1973). This fact places pressures on the student to perform reading at a higher level than the student before them.Reading is the best way to absorb content materials and to increase critical thinking skills. It is also a hidden process that often goes unnoticed in the language classroom.In addition, reading is also a complex activity, where the goal is to construct text meaning based on visually encoded information(Anderson andNunan, 2007). In the first of all language (L1) reading, readers use only one language, whereas in the second language (L2) reading, learners have at least twain languages to deal with. On the contrary, readingin a first or second language contextinvolves the reader, the text, and fundamental interaction between the reader and the text (Rumelhart, 1977). Although reading in the L1 shares numerous important basic elements with reading in a second or foreign language, the process also differs greatly. Intriguing questions involve whether there are two parallel cognitive processes at work, or whether there are bear upon strategies that accommodate two first and second language.Although on the surface first language and second language are different, readers can apply visual linguistic and cognitive strategies that they quick use in their first language reading to assist in their L2 reading. Whether the reade rs are reading in their first or second language the reading strategy operates in the same way the readers tactile sensation at the page and the print, then use their knowledge of sound or symbol relationships, order, grammar, and meaning to portend and confirm the meaning.In short, when readers have well- essential first language reading strategies, they can learn a second language more easily and rapidly.Students should have effective reading skills in their first language to assist their reading comprehension in a second language.2.1. L1 ReadingL1 reading is reading in the readers mother tongue. Reading contexts in general require knowledge of content formal and linguistic schema. Reading is also a meaning-making process which involves an interaction between the reader and the text.Recent theories in second language reading stress that the L2 learners first language skills are very important when they learn a second language (Hakuta, 1986 Krashen, 1982). One of the main reasons reinforcement this claim is that when students have well-developed first language skills, they can acquire second language skills more rapidly. Concepts which were readily and strongly developed in their first language acquisition become accessible skills to learn a second language. This process is what is known as common underlying proficiency as described by Cummins, 1994.Although on the surface the two languages are different, readers can apply visual linguistic and cognitive strategies that they also use in their first language reading, to read in an L2 (Ovando, 2005). This means in both languages readers look at the page and the print, and then they use their knowledge of sound or symbol relationships, order, grammar, and meaning to predict and confirm meaning. There are four elements that are important in reading comprehension in either in L1 or L2 (1) whether the readerreads a lot and is familiar with reading in another language (2) the length, graphic symbol, and language difficulty of the text (3) whether the reader uses the global reading, problem solving, or support strategies and (4) fluency. In L1 reading, researchers have emphasized two factors potentially influencing readers processing strategies the type of material that will be read and the adjudicate or goal for which a text will be read.2.2. L2 ReadingSecond language reading is one of the four skills in mastering a foreign language. Seond language reading is gathering the syntatic and semantic processes as well as vocabulary, which include speed of letter naming, phonological processes, orthographic processes, and working memory. In addition, background knowledge also takes part in L2 reading comprehension (Malley, 1990).Moreover, based on Bernhard and Kamil (1995), second language reading comprehension processes have two main crucial vari commensurates they are L2 vocabulary and L2 well-formed skills. In addition, there are six-spot elements that intereact and blend together in forgin g the construct of L2 comprehension. The six elements are the phonemic/graphemic features, syntatic feature cognition (grammatical superpower), word recognition, vocabulary, prior knowledge, and metacognition.Reading in an L2 is different from reading in an L1, in that L2 reading is influenced by a variety of factors that are normally not considered in L1 reading (Bernhardt andKamil, 1995). Among these factors, the two most frequently used ones to explain L2 reading fluency are readers L1 reading competency and L2 language proficiency. According to Teillefer (1996), these two factors significantly affect L2 reading comprehension, but to a different extent depending on different reading styles.With regard to importance and actual contribution of the above-mentioned two factors to L2 reading, there are two conflicting hypotheses The Linguistic Threshold Hypothesis and the Linguistic Interdependence Hypothesis. The first conjecture, also known as the Short-Circuit Hypothesis (Clarke , 1979), states that in order to read in an L2, a certain level of L2 linguistic ability is required. In another definition, the L1 reading ability can be transferred to L2 reading only when L2 proficiency is higher than the linguistic threshold. thusly, a certain amount of linguistic ability is a prerequisite for the transfer to take place. That is, a certain amount of knowledge of L2 grammatical or linguistic skills is necessary in order to allow L1 reading knowledge to assist L2 reading (Bernhardt andKamil, 1995). ground on this hypothesis, it is assumed that without some L2 skills, the L2 readers limited language proficiency prevents their good L1 reading skills from being transferred to L2 reading (Lee, 2000).The second hypothesis is the Linguistic Interdependence Hypothesis, also known as Common Underlying increase (Lee, 2007 and Cummins, 1994),which states that the reading performance in L2 is largely influenced by L1 reading ability, so L1 reading ability transfers to L2 r eading. Therefore language skills such(prenominal) as reading and writing in the L1 are interconnected and transferable to L2. This hypothesis proposes that L1 skills and L2 skills are not so different, but at some fundamental core they are mutualist or even the same (Bernhardt andKamil, 1995). Hence, once a set of language skills has been acquired, it can be adapted to enhance reading in the L2 context.Despite the conflict of the two hypotheses, it has been acknowledged that each hypothesis is faithful to some extent that both L1 reading ability and L2 language proficiency are important factors to increase L2 reading fluency, and that the product of reading refers to the level of understanding, which is considered to be fall upond by ones reading ability and various reading strategies that the reader uses. Another finding from August (2006) states that learning to read in a second language is an entirely different process from learning to read in the first language, and the metho ds used to teach adult second language learners should be somewhat different from those that are used to teach children. August also mentions that L2 readers can build reading proficiency by using previously developed L1 reading skills and knowledge to support newly developing L2 language skills. So, in effect, L2 readers need less academic training to advance their skills in L2 reading. In other words, the adult L2 learner needs to acquire most of the requisite academic skills from L2 instruction itself rather than from the transfer of the skills.Although some degree of skill transfer occurs from L1 to L2 for all second language readers, the academic goals of an individual with a weak L2 background are more unfree upon the newly acquired L2 language skills. Therefore, the L2 leaner requires a curriculum which provides a highly intensive focus on L2 language and reading skills. Transfer of L1 skills has a very powerful influence on the acquisition of L2 skills, but many adult secon d language readers need a great deal more thantransferred skills to achieve their academic goals.A well-developed L1 reading skill can be automatically transferred to L2 reading, and L2 readers as well as L1 readers contribute to the reading process in a constructive manner. However, there are other aspects that can limit the L2 readers contribution in reading second language material or text, which are language misinterpretation, lack of both background knowledge, and limited resources (Berhardt andKamil, 1995 Block, 1992 Koda, 1989). Therefore, one cannot simply assume that L2 readers will be able to interpret text in the same manner as competent L1 readers do (Gass, 1987).2.2.1. Process of ReadingReading processes such as bottom-up, top-down, and interactive, can be used before, during, and after reading (Goodman, 1976 Rumelhart, 1977 Smith, 1971). According to Carell andGrabe (2002), L2 readers use different reading processesthan L1 readers do because (1) they are limited in the ir linguistic knowledge (2) they do not have enough cultural and social knowledge that is common in the English content (3) they do not necessarily retrain prior knowledge, which is the basis of understanding English materials (4) they study English for a variety of reasons, including making themselves familiar with English speaking countries, and (5) they use both their first and second language. That is why knowingL2 learnersL2 reading ability and the type of texts will help in choosing reading processes which can make the text better understood.2.2.2.1. Bottom-up processingBottom-up processing is a type of reading process where reading comprehension starts with the fundamental basics of letter and sound recognition, then later builds up to letters, letter clusters, words, phrases, sentences, and longitudinal text, and finally meaning in the order to achieve comprehension. Beginner learners need a strong bottom-up component, which includes phonics instruction. In bottom up readin g, students start with the basics of letter and sound recognition, move from morpheme recognition to word recognition, grammatical structures, and sentences in order to achieve basic comprehension. According to Iwai (2007), in bottom-up processing readers focus on letters, sounds, syllables, words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs. The process of constructing the meaning begins with written words. These learners view reading as beginning with the printed page, proceeding linearly from visual data to meaning by a series of processing stages.The most typical type that applies to bottom-up processing is intensive reading. Intensive reading involves a short reading passage followed by textbook activities to develop comprehension and/ or a concomitant reading skill. In an English lesson or in an English language course, this type of reading is often applied for sharpening students L2 knowledge and ability.2.2.2.2. Top-down processingTop-down processing is a reading process where reade rs use background knowledge to predict meaning of the text. They search text to confirm or reject the predictions that they made. Within the top-down processing, the teacher should focus on meaning-based activities rather than on mastery of word recognition. By using this process, the reader builds comprehension skills by first applying general information already learned (larger elements) and moving down towards the specifics of the language (smaller elements). In top-down processing, readers make and evaluate experience and background knowledge. Coady (1979) wrote that the top-down processing impersonate makes readers use their background knowledge schema and connects the schema with conceptual abilities and processing strategies to accomplish comprehension.University students have to do lots of research which requires lots of reading. This requires extensive reading and top-down reading processing. Extensive reading is also called pleasure reading, free voluntary reading, keep up silent reading, and supplementary reading (Bamford and Day, 2004 Nunan, 2003). In extensive reading, readers read as many books as they can outside of the classroom, to broaden their comprehension skills in order to get the main ideas or key points they need to imply top-down reading processing. The primary purpose of using extensive reading as a tool is to encourage students to enjoy reading in English, and thereby increase their motivation to improve their English skills by focusing on the understanding of broader and longer texts rather than the processing of a particular academic text.2.2.1.3. Interactive ProcessingReading is an interactive process that goes on between the reader and the text, resulting in comprehension. The text presents letters, words, sentences, and paragraphs that encode meaning. The reader uses knowledge, skills, and strategies to determine what that meaning is. This strategy is known as interactive processing it is a combination of bottom-up and top-dow n processing which assumes that a pattern is synthesized based on information provided at the same time from several knowledge sources (Nunan, 2003), and it would include aspects of both intensiveand extensive reading. When put into practice, it is assumed that knowledge acquired from one strategy can compensate for the lack of knowledge from the other strategy. Fluent readers are considered to be those who can efficiently integrate both bottom-up and top-down strategies (Dubin, 1986 Grabe 1991 Murtagh, 1989). Aspects of interactive reading that help readers to interpret the reservoirs meaning are 1) using their prior knowledge, 2) having a purpose for reading, 3) monitoring their understanding, and 4) working within the constraints of the situational context (Walker, 2001).The first aspect is that readers combine what they already know with the information from the text to figure out the authors meaning (JohnandPrice, 2001). This textual information is comprised of pictures, let ters in words, and headings, and the structure of sentences is used combined with prior knowledge (Kerringan, 1979). The second aspect is that readers tend to elaborate on what they read. They make connections using previous knowledge or experience to help them remember and interpret what they are reading. These new connections become part of thereaderss knowledge base. The third aspect of interactive reading is that readers will continually monitor their understanding to see if it makes sense. These readers actively monitor their understanding through self-questions and various fix-up strategies to repair their comprehension. The fourth aspect is that readers use the situational context (elements given at a present time) to form ideas and adjust their purpose to each reading.2.2.1.4. Interactive-compensatory modelThe interactive-compensatory model of reading was mainly developed to show how word recognition during reading can be bear on by developmental and individual differences in the use of context (Stanovich, 1980). It is different from the bottom-up or top-down model in that in this model, readers process information simultaneously, not step by step. So, it seems that understanding of written and spoken language relies on a balanced combination of top-down and bottom-up processing. The readers have to leave attention to features in the text, orthographic knowledge, semantics, syntax, and lexical (vocabulary) knowledge when reading (Nutall, 2000). Thus, the perceptual-automatic recognition skill noted by Grabe (1992) seems psychologically real and theoretically possible, both in terms of Stanovichs statement. Underwood (1982) asserted that when learners have achieved comprehension through practice, attention can be deviated. This interactive-compensatory theory states that all reading skills develop unconditional of each other and in a different span of time.The purpose of the interactive-compensatory model is to provide a framework for understanding a nd improving L2 reading. The interactive-compensatory model includes 5 main components cognitive abilities, knowledge, strategies, meta-cognition, and motivation. Knowledge and regulatory skills such as strategies and meta-cognition are combined into one category because of their close relationship among the components.There are three interrelated components within the model cognitive ability, knowledge and regulation, and motivation (Underwood, 1982). Each of these components could be divided into advertize subcomponents. For example, the motivation component would include self-efficacy and attribution beliefs. It is assumed in the model that each of the components leads either right away or indirectly to learning.Since all components lead to learning, if a student is lacking in a particular skill (for example, knowledge) it could be compensated by greater strengths in other areas.

The panama canal

Since the United States began to feel an upcoming difference of opinion with Spain, we were prepared to go to war. They decided to send the US Oregon from California to Cuba only there was wiz issue.. The voyage would take over 60 days and 14000 miles to land on Cuba. Not only that still in this process the US Oregon had to stop in South America multiple clock to fuel up on coal. At this point the U. S new it was time for a change. They tack a way to undercut their voyage nearly in half by making a canal that connected the Atlantic to the Pacific.This makes transporting goods, and essential supplies a much quicker process. Incidents leading up to the issue The French were really the masterminds behind this constructions. They haveed the entire process towards making the canal but in the process, they ran into almost issues and went bankrupt. Later on the U. S decided to pick up were the French left off. After acquiring everything approved in the U. S, Colombia denied us of any right to the property on which the construction was being done. This conduct up to the Panamanian people rebelling and winning their independence. This now allowed theU. S to finally get a start on completing the canal. What occurred during the construction? The construction finally began in 1904 with over 40,000 workers on the construction site. These workers had to pass on with not only Jungle weather but as well as all the stern Jungle wildlife there was out there. There was very high temperature, unstable land, and very frequent rain. sometimes if would rain so often that the river would flood making construction very difficult. Therefore they built a dam to help with the over flow of water and this defiantly but them back on racecourse with the construction.Despite the numerous accounts for trying to make work conditions safer, over 5,000 workers died due to diseases and accidents on the Job. Results of the Canal The construction of the canal cost America over $375 mill ion dollars, only now their voyage was only 40 miles to their destination. They cut the trip by 8,000 miles which is more than half of watt it would have been before. This canal helped the U. S move nigh much quicker and we had the full support of Latin America. Although in 1914 (official opening) the canal was guarded by the U. S military, it now belongs to the Panamanian but is still used as a trade route for the U. S.

Generation X by Douglas Coupland Essay

Generation X was CouplandS controversial title which was derived from the work of capital of Minnesota Fusell, kinsfolk X in 1983. In his interview in 1995 Coupland explained that Fusells classification of X category were quite a little who circulated in rounds of money, status and well-disposed climbing that describe the modern existence. But looking at the Couplands novel, it is very different from Fusells work. The people he is referring to as genesis X be the people born after 1960. The whole novel rotates around the coetaneous society issues erotic love intrigues, adventure, friendship among other themes (Reed).These themes are not new since they existed even in during the times of great philosophers. It is for this reason that I theorise Marx, Durkheim, and Weber apply to the Couplands novel, contemporaries X. Although the novel reveals a lot of friendship and love betwixt some characters there is an aspect of favorable deviance developing between the modern generat ion and the past. Emile Durkheim is perhaps the most popular in the field of deviance and his ideas are therefore applicable in this novel.In his argument in the division of society (Huang 63), Durkheim says that differences in a collective society and deviate society contribute to the basis of theoretical framework which outlines reasons as to why people violate norms. On the other hand, his appreciation that deviance in most cases enhances social cohesion provides foundation for theories that examines why abnormal labeling occur (62). During the 1995 interview (Reed 3rd par), Coupland on his side revealed that his novel wondered why his generation is being tagged as members of baby boomer when they are capable of thinking by themselves.The idea of social eminence also seems to crop up in the novel (Coupland 67) hence bringing the three philosophers closer to the novel. In the novel, there are several generation the first one is the obsolescenter generation of Mr. and Mrs. Mca rthur, flash is the generation X where Andy, Claire and Dag belongs and finally the generation Y for Tyler who is Andys younger brother . According to Durkheim, social differentiation contributes not only to deviant conduct but also deviant labeling in much differentiated societies (Schmaus 56).In the novel, which represents the contemporary society, this deviance conduct and labeling is witnessed throughout the novel. The members of older generational view those of generational X and generation Y as some how spoiled and refer to them as global teens (Coupland 48). In his theory about the relationship between the society and individuals, Karl Marx noted that the society is highly stratified because the people who worked the hardest were also the people who received the least as the fruits of their labor (Shlomo 152). corresponding in the novel, Karl Marx looked forward to a society that accounted for social change. Although Coupland and Karl Max talks of classes of people, the two fail to agree in their classification. Karl Max heavy on the Proteliant or the majority in the society and the Bourgeois who are the minority. He argues that the former jazz in substandard living condition while the later become all that life have to offer (Shlomo 160). Coupland classes of people in the society are the older generation and the younger generation.However, like what is contained in Karl Marx ideas, the young generation belongs to the marginalized group with lousy jobs while the old generation view themselves as the think tanks and the wisest. The young characters in the novel try to pull themselves from the characters that belong to the past. Dags love matter to for example always find herself looked up in the past without realizing what is happening in the modern world. Like the rest, Weber in his work analyses the modern society (Burris 122).He discusses the concept of bureaucracies which according to him is the foundation of social stabilization, cultural symb ols and channel of good and services to the modern society (132). He points out that it is the charismatic ideas and not old ideas that change the society (133). But, Marx Weber also brings in a very interesting theatrical role to the novel, the issue of love and friendship. Weber controversial love life seems close to what was happening in the Coupland (56, 74,132).In his bachelorhood he developed a romantic interest with his cousin Emmy Baumagarten who lived in Strasbourg (Hoenisch 1st par). Webers love for Emmerling as he used to call her darling continued for more than eight eld despite opposition from both families. During this time their love emotions were bulging with a series of letters and worn out(p) several days of their sweet closeness in poetry of string (3rd par). It was in 1887 in his second military as a reserve officer in Strasbourg that Weber had an amorous but not sexual encounter with Emmy (7th par).According to the novel, there exist a very big difference in perception of ideas between the old generation and the modern generation. The difference which is a source of conflict between the generations is what links the three philosophers to the novel. The questions raised in the novel are both relevant and applicable to the contemporary social life but at the same time they refer to classical sociological theories of the ill-bred generation. It is clear from the novel that each generation is faced by its unique problems which can be solve only by that particular generation alone.It is important to point out that in the increasing globalisation and industrialization world of the 21st century the economical, political and sociological landscape is likely to suffer from heighten and widening class struggle. Whether primitive, revolutionary or reformist, the old generation feels obliged to address this issue. Ultimately, Weber, Marx and Durkheim each provided unconnected accounts regarding the ways in which the urban societies of their ti me was deficient, and what was required to fix it (Schmaus 74).The younger cannot bear the consequences of ignoring the wise ideas the old and it is therefore necessary to embrace unity in diversity while handling societal problems aiming at acquiring necessary social change and stability. References Burris, V. The Neo-Marxist blend of Marx and Weber on Class in Norbert Wiley (Ed. ), The Marx-Weber dispute. Newbury Park, calcium Sage Publications, 1997. Coupland, D. Generation X Tales for an Accelerated Culture. Canada St. Martins Press, March 15, 1991 Hoenisch, S. Max Webers face-to-face life 1886-1893. 1995. November 27, 2008. Huang, W. S. Durkheims rules of sociological mode. Journal for offender therapy & comparative crime, (2004) 63-75,. Reed, J. 2001. Generation X tales for an accelerated market-gardening by Douglas Coupland. Shlomo, A. The Social and Political Thought of Karl Marx. Cambridge University Press, 2001. Schmaus, W. Explanation and real meaning in Rules of soc iological method and division Of labor in society. Journal Of Sociological Perspectives Spring, (1995) 57-76,. .

Effective Hr Training

EFFECTIVE HR TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY. EVALUATION OF TRAINING MCQS. 1. DISNEY UNIVERSITY IS not A CAMPUS BUT A .. PROCESS FOR TRAINING either EMPLOYEES OF THIS ENTERPRISE ? a. PROCESS. b. EXAMPLE c. PROGRAMME d. ALL OF THE preceding(prenominal). 2. PROFESSIONAL FACILITORS LEAD ONLY. a. CONTENT, PRESENTATION. SESSIONb. HIGH LEVEL SESSION c. TECHNICAL EXECUTIVE SESSIONd. NONE OF THE ABOVE. 3. THE ATRITION RATE AT DISNEY IS ONLY . PERCENT COMPARED WITH 60 PERCENT. a. 15b. 20 c. 25 d. 10 4.Related article KFC Training and discipline Problems Encountered by HRM StudentsTHE FIRST PART OF RPOGRAMME INVOLVES TRAINING OR RETRAINING IN QUALITY FINANCE, AND OTHER AREAS. a. straightforward b. untrue 5. ONCE THE TRAINING IS COMPLETED THE TEAMS BECOME RESPOSIBLE FOR THEIR . a. OWN DEVELOPEMENTb. ORGANISATIONS DEVELOPEMENT c. TRAINEES DEVELOPEMENTd. ALL OF THE ABOVE. 6. EACH EMPLOYEE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR CREATING HIS OR HER OWN TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN a. TURE b. FALSE. 7. THE PE RFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES THAT ARE MANAGED BY INDIVIDUALS THAT WENT THROUGH THE APPRAISAL a. TURE b. FALSE 8. REACTION IS DEFINE AS. a. WHAT THE TRAINEES THOUGHT ABOUT PRAGRAM. . TARINERS TEACHING SKILL. c. NON OF THE ABOVE 9. MOST TRAINERS BELIVES THAT INITIAL RECEPTIVITY PROVIDES A GOOD ATMOSPHERE FOR LEARNING THE MATERIAL IN THE INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAM BUTDOES NOT NECESSERILY instance. a. counselling OF STRESSb. INNOVATION, MANAGEMENT OF STRESS c. HIGH LEVEL OF TRAININGd. NONE OF THE AOVE 10. THE LEARNING OF . SHOULD BE USED SO THAT QUANTITIVE event CAN BE DETERMINED . a. ALL PARTICIPANT b. TWO PARTICIPANTS c. EACH PARTICIPANT d. ALL OF THE ABOVE 11. AS FAR AS POSSIBLE THE LEARNING SHOULD BE MEASURED ON AN SUBJECTIVE foothold a.TURE b. FALSE 12. WHERE PRINCIPLES AND FACT ARE TAUGHT RATHER THAN SKILLS, IT IS MORE DIFFICULT TO EVALUATE LEARNING. a. TURE b. FALSE 13. THE MOST cat valium TECHNIQUES IS THE TEST a. PROJECTORb. PEN AND PENCIL c. CLASSROOMd. NONE OF THE ABOVE. 14. IT IS DIFFICULT TO DO AND HARD TO PROVE THAT TRAINING WAS THE CAUSE OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT. a. TURE b. FALSE 15. IS THE CONCEPT THAT MEANS THE DEGREE TO WHICH AN EVALUATION TECHNIQUE OR INSTRUMENT MEASURES WHAT IT WAS think TO MEASURE. a. RELIABILITYb. LEARNING c. VALIDITYd. NONE OF THE ABOVE